Dundee stress state questionnaire pdf
![dundee stress state questionnaire pdf dundee stress state questionnaire pdf](https://psycnet.apa.org/ftasset/journals/jpa/31/1/images/jpa_31_1_20_alt4.gif)
A central feature of the adaptive cost model of stress is that coping may subsequently deplete resources and the capability to meet the demands of multiple stressors ( Evans et al., 1996). Further, exposure to multiple stressors may have interactive effects. Research on the effects from isolated stressors have shown that emotional and noise stressors do not elicit a cortisol response, whereas cognitive stressors and social evaluative threat can elicit cortisol independent of other stressors ( Dickerson and Kemeny, 2004). The type of stressor also influences the amount of stress reactivity.
![dundee stress state questionnaire pdf dundee stress state questionnaire pdf](https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/84603/mini_magick20180819-5155-195bxtf.png)
This reinforces that task/environment context plays a role in how stressors are perceived ( Lazarus and Folkman, 1984). For example, research exploring differences in tasks has shown that social evaluative threat has a strong effect on cortisol reactivity in people performing a mock interview, whereas dancing in front of a crowd has a larger effect ( Kirschbaum et al., 1993 Rohleder et al., 2007). The HPA axis regulates the adaptation to increased demands and enables the individual to maintain allostasis under acute stress.Īcute stressors have been shown to have different physiological and psychological effects based upon task, specific stressors, and combination of stressors. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a key stress response endocrine system that may link both physical and psychosocial stress to the ability to effectively handle conflict. Different sources of acute cognitive workload, social evaluative, and noise stressors have also been shown to have a cumulative physiological effect ( Pedrotti et al., 2014). Further, acute stress in addition to chronic background stress has been shown to reduce physiological recovery time, suggesting that the summation of several acute stressors may also result in allostatic load ( Gump and Matthews, 1999). Repeated exposure to psychosocial stressors has been shown to cause exhaustion and reflect increased vulnerability for allostatic load in individuals who display impaired habituation to manage the stressor ( Kudielka et al., 2006). Research into the acute effects of stress on physiology have established that repeated or continuous exposure to acute stress over time can have an accumulative biological cost, referred to as allostatic load ( Moberg, 2000 McEwen, 2004). Conflict situations can include medical professionals interacting with demanding patients ( Bakker et al., 2000), teachers confronting student misbehavior and discipline issues ( Skaalvik and Skaalvik, 2016), clients becoming assertive when they feel they have been mistreated ( Brockmann, 2002), military personnel interacting with hostile civilians ( Azari et al., 2010), or police interacting with aggressive civilians ( Kop and Euwema, 2001). However, how these professionals handle conflicts with people greatly impacts their ability to do their jobs and may have short-term and long-term physiological, cognitive, social, emotional, and performance effects ( Salas et al., 1996 Walker et al., 2014). Many professions depend greatly on the ability to interact with clients, civilians, patients, students, and customers ( Euwema et al., 2004). Future research is needed to confirm this investigation’s findings. The results suggest a relationship where physical load increases the stressfulness of aggressive behavior in ways not explainable by the effects of the stressors alone. Higher autonomic stress and discomfort were found in participants with heavier physical load and aggressive individuals. Encountering an aggressive individual increased endocrine stress, distress levels, and perceived discomfort. Participants with a heavier load reported increased distress and discomfort. Perceived stress was measured via discomfort and stress state surveys. Heart rate variability (HRV) and electrodermal activity (EDA) measured autonomic stress. Salivary cortisol samples measured endocrine stress.
#Dundee stress state questionnaire pdf full
![dundee stress state questionnaire pdf dundee stress state questionnaire pdf](https://econtent.hogrefe.com/cms/10.1027/1015-5759/a000200/asset/images/medium/jpa_31_1_20_tbl2a.gif)
Abdelall 1,2, Zoe Eagle 1, Tor Finseth 1*, Ahmad A.